Emergency Evacuation Management System
Abstract
Purpose of the work: The purpose of the article is to study modern approaches to organizing the evacuation of the population in conditions of natural, man-made and military emergencies. The work is aimed at identifying key challenges in the field of managing evacuation measures and developing recommendations to increase their effectiveness.
Research methods: Methods of system analysis, modeling and synthesis were used to assess conceptual models of evacuation systems and their effectiveness.
Research results: It was established that an effective evacuation system involves clear planning and coordination of the movement of the population from dangerous areas, taking into account their professional, educational or territorial affiliation. A structural model of evacuation management was developed, which includes specialized bodies, such as evacuation commissions and points, as well as automated subsystems for monitoring and response. It is proven that flexible evacuation methods (simultaneous, sequential, selective, combined) allow minimizing risks depending on the type and scale of the emergency.
Theoretical value of the study: The work expands the theoretical foundations of evacuation process management by classifying response levels and factors affecting people's behavior during evacuation, in particular time, crowd density and distance to the exit. A mathematical model is proposed for assessing the critical level of panic, which enriches the understanding of psycho-emotional aspects in crisis situations.
Practical value of the study: The recommendations developed in the article can be used by authorities to improve the planning and implementation of evacuation measures at the national and regional levels. The proposed evacuation management model with the integration of automated systems increases the efficiency of response and the safety of the population. The results of the study are useful for developing regulatory documents and preparing specialized services for action in emergency situations.
Type of article: theoretical with practical recommendations.
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References
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