Analysis of generations of wars according to the concepts of technological and wave development of society
Abstract
Purpose: the purpose of the article is to analyze and generalize scientific thought on the structuring of generations of wars in military science to study the historical ways of economic support of wars for certain generations.
Design/Method/Approach: to achieve the goal of the study, its decomposition was carried out and the following was investigated: definition of the concept of “war”, the phenomenon of modern war is characterized by shifting the emphasis in its conduct from military to non-military instruments (hybrid war); the main approaches to the structuring of wars are analyzed and an analogy is made in accordance with the concepts of technological and wave development of society; graphically systematized approach to the historical periodization of generations of wars according to the concepts of technological and wave development of society.
Findings: the article analyzes the generations of wars in terms of concepts of technological and wave development of society.
Theoretical implications: according to the results of the research, the existing theory of military economics has been improved in the context of actualizing the relationship of generations of wars with the concepts of technological and wave development of society. This makes it possible to study individual wars in the context of each generation in terms of ways of their economic support.
Practical implications: the results of the study are the starting point for the improvement and development of the theory of military economics, taking into account the current development of economic processes, scientific and technological progress and the structure of society. The research initiates the solution of the scientific problem of developing a promising concept of resource provision for defense needs and improving the theory of military economics, based on the study of historical methods of economic support of wars.
Originality/Value: the value of the study lies in its practical significance for further research in the direction of developing a promising concept of resource provision for defense needs and improving certain provisions of the theory of military economics.
Research limitations/Future research: a limitation of the study is the use of publicly available sources. Future research is seen in the study of historical ways of economic support of wars after the wars singled out by US Lind within the proposed concept, as well as taking into account recent wars (military conflicts) (Russian-Ukrainian War, 24.02.2022).
Downloads
References
Sun'-tszy. Iskusstvo strategii [The art of strategy.]. – M.: Izd-vo Eksmo; SPb: Midgard, 2006. — 528 s.
Klauzevits K. O voyne [About the war]. — Moscow: Gosvoyenizdat, 1934. / Clausewitz K. Vom Krieg. 1832/34.
Shnirel'man V. A. U istokov voyny i mira [At the origins of war and peace]. Voyna kak predmet issledovaniya. / V.A. Shnirel'man. – Ch. 1. – Moscow: IEA, 1994. 180 s.
Aron R. Mir i voyna mezhdu narodami [Peace and war between peoples]. Moscow, 2000. 879 s.
Slipchenko V. I. Voyny shestogo pokoleniya [Wars of the sixth generation.]. Oruzhiye i voyennoye iskusstvo budushchego. Moscow: Veche, 2002, 153.
Slovnyk ukrayinsʹkoyi movy: v 11 tomakh [Dictionary of the Ukrainian language: in 11 volumes]. – Tom 1, 1970. – S. 669.
Svitova hibrydna viyna: ukrayinsʹkyy front [World hybrid war: Ukrainian front: monograph]: monohrafiya / za zah. red. V. P. Horbulina – Kyiv: NISD, 2017. 496 s.
Corke, S. J. (2006). George Kennan and the Inauguration of Political Warfare. Journal of Conflict Studies, 26(1), 101-120.
Kharari, Yuval' Noy. Homo Deus. Kratkaya istoriya budushchego [Homo deus. Brief history of the future]. Litres, 2021.
Loishyn, A., Tkach, I., Havrylko, Y., Oleksiy, G., & Tkach, M. (2021). Analysis of the features of hybrid warfare. Political Science and Security Studies Journal, 2(1), 14-25. DOI : 10.5281/zenodo.4642371
Loishyn, A., Tkach, I., Tkach, M., & Shevchuk, V. (2021). Analysis and systematization of approaches to understanding the concept of “hybrid war”. Journal of Scientific Papers «Social Development and Security», 11(1), 145-162. DOI : 10.33445/sds.2021.11.1.15
Trebin M. P. Hibrydna viyna yak nova ukrayinsʹka realʹnistʹ [Hybrid war as a new Ukrainian reality]. Ukrayinsʹkyy sotsium. 2014. № 3. S. 113 –127.
Bakhtin A. M. Viyny shostoho pokolinnya [Wars of the sixth generation]. Naukovi pratsi Mykolayivsʹkoho derzhavnoho humanitarnoho universytetu im. Petra Mohyly kompleksu Kyyevo-Mohylyansʹka akademiya. Ser.: Istorychni nauky. 2008 № (75). S. 167 – 170.
Shumka A. V., Chernyk P. P. Informatsiyno-merezheva viyna – nova forma mizhderzhavnoho protyborstva pochatku XXI st. [Information and network war - a new form of interstate confrontation in the early XXI century]. Viysʹkovo-naukovyy visnyk. 2013. № 19. S. 243 – 255.
Bondarenko. I. S. Sotsialʹno-komunikatsiyni tekhniky ta resursy u viynakh novoho pokolinnya [Socio-communication techniques and resources in the wars of the new generation]. Derzhava ta rehiony. Seriya: Sotsialʹni komunikatsiyi. 2016. № 3. S. 13 – 17.
Cheberyako O. V., Kolesnyk V. F. International security in the frame of modern global challenges: Collection of scientific works. – Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, 2018. 556 p.
Cornelis van der Klaauw. Generations of Warfare: An Outdated Concept? The Three Swords Magazine. 2021. № 37. P. 71–74.
William S. Lind, LtCol. Gregory A. Thiele, USMC; 4th Generation Warfare Handbook, Castalia House.
Lind, William S. (January 15, 2004), “Understanding Fourth Generation War”, antiwar.com, retrieved February 7, 2010
Greg, Simons (August 2010). Fourth generation warfare and the clash of civilizations, Journal of Islamic Studies, August 2010, p. 7.
Blitskrih [Blitzkrieg] // Velykyy tlumachnyy slovnyk suchasnoyi ukrayinsʹkoyi movy (z dod. i dopov.) / uklad. i hol. red. V. T. Busel. 5-te vyd. Kyiv, Irpinʹ : Perun, 2005.
Lind, William S., John F. Schmitt, and Gary I. Wilson, “Fourth generation warfare: Another look”. (Marine Corps Gazette 85, no. 11, 2001), p. 69.
Knopf, C., and E. Ziegelmayer. “Fourth Generation Warfare and the US Military’s Social Media Strategy” (ASPJ Africa & Francophonie-4to bimestre 2012), p. 7.
Pocheptsov G. Postpravda i novoye pokoleniye voyny, ili pochemu proizoshlo vozvrashcheniye propagandy [Post-truth and the new generation of war, or why propaganda returned]. Veb-sayt: Psi-faktor. Available from : https://psyfactor.org/psyops/postpravda23.htm (application date 02.02.2022).
Garbuznyak A. YU. Fenomen postpravdy: deval'vatsiya fakta v mediynom diskurse [Post-truth phenomenon: devaluation of fact in media discourse]. Znaniye. Ponimaniye. Umeniye. 2019. №1. DOI: 10.17805/zpu.2019.1.14
Gerasimov V. (2013). Tsennost' nauki v predvidenii [The value of science in foresight]. Nezavisimoye voyennoye obozreniye. № 8 (476).
Abbott, Daniel (2010). The Handbook of Fifth-Generation Warfare. Nimble Books. p. 20.
Fatma Twfiak. The Development of Warfare Through Seven Generations: Cyber-Attacks and impacts on international Relations.
Loishyn A., Hohoniants S., Tkach M., Tyshchenko M., Tarasenko N., Kyvliuk V. Development of the concept of cybersecurity of the organization. TEM Journal, 2021. № 10(3). P. 1447-1453.
21 urok dlya 21 stolittya [21 lessons for the 21st century] / Yuval Noy Kharari; per. z anhl. O. Demʺyanchuka; 2-he vyd., dopovn. avtor. – Kyiv: Fors Ukrayina, 2019. – 416 s.
Shvab K. Chetverta promyslova revolyutsiya [The Fourth Industrial Revolution]. Formuyuchy chetvertu promyslovu revolyutsiyu. Kharkiv: KSD, 2019.
Bazylevych V. D., Hrazhevsʹka N.I., Hayday T. V., Leonenko P. M., Nesterenko A. P. Istoriya ekonomichnykh uchenʹ [History of economic doctrines]. Navchalʹnyy posibnyk. Kyiv: Znannya, 2004. 1300 s.
Toffler E. Tret'ya volna [The third wave]: Per. s angl. Moscow: AST, 2004, 781: 33.
Voytovsʹkyy K. YE. Hlobalʹni trendy rozvytku nauky i tekhnolohiy: novi vyklyky i mozhlyvosti [Global trends in science and technology: new challenges and opportunities]. Natsionalʹnyy instytut stratehichnykh doslidzhenʹ. Available from : https://niss.gov.ua/doslidzhennya/nacionalna-bezpeka/globalni-trendi-rozvitku-nauki-i-tekhnologiy-novi-vikliki-i (application date 02.02.2022).
Science & Technology Trends 2020-2040: Exploring the S&T Edge. NATO Science & Technology Organization, March 2020. Available from : https://www.sto.nato.int/pages/tech-trends.aspx (application date 02.02.2022).
Abstract views: 261 PDF Downloads: 165
Copyright (c) 2022 Anatolii Loishyn
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors agree with the following conditions:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication (Download agreement) with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors have the right to complete individual additional agreements for the non-exclusive spreading of the journal’s published version of the work (for example, to post work in the electronic repository of the institution or to publish it as part of a monograph), with the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal.
3. Journal’s politics allows and encourages the placement on the Internet (for example, in the repositories of institutions, personal websites, SSRN, ResearchGate, MPRA, SSOAR, etc.) manuscript of the work by the authors, before and during the process of viewing it by this journal, because it can lead to a productive research discussion and positively affect the efficiency and dynamics of citing the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
