Features of the sources of economic support for military needs during the second world war in the United States of America
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the economic provision of military needs during the Second World War according to the experience of the United States for the further formulation of trends in the development of the economic provision of wars and the improvement of the theory of war economy.
Method: To realize the goal of the research, it was decomposed and investigated: the state of the US economy on the eve of and during the Second World War; the main indicators of the functioning of the US tax system and the indicators of the implementation of military bonds as a tool of the internal debt policy of the USA during the Second World War are analyzed; peculiarities of the economic provision of military needs during the Second World War according to the experience of the United States.
Findings: According to the results of the study, a number of features of the functioning of the US economy during the Second World War were identified, the main sources of financial support for military needs in the financing of the war were determined, a tendency to shift the focus from domestic borrowing to a wider use of taxes and a cumulative increase in the share of defense expenditures by almost six times was revealed, which indicates the almost complete militarization of the US budget during World War II. The results of the study will be used to further determine the trends in the development of economic ways of ensuring wars. The effectiveness of the hybrid combination of elements of the market economy and centralized management to ensure the military needs of the USA during the Second World War has been confirmed.
Theoretical implications: The theoretical value of the study lies not only in conducting an analysis and establishing a tendency to shift emphasis in the use of sources of financial support in the USA during the Second World War, but also in identifying the prerequisites that contributed to the change in priorities.
Practical implications: The cycle of scientific research related to the improvement and development of the theory of military economy, taking into account the modern development of economic processes, scientific and technological progress and the structure of society, has been continued. The research continues to solve the scientific problem of developing a perspective concept of economic provision of war needs and improving the theory of war economy.
Originality. The value of the study lies in its practical significance for the further determination of trends in the application of economic tools to meet the needs of the war. Formulation of trends is a prerequisite for further qualitative identification of regularities inherent in the field of research.
Research limitations. A limitation of the study is the use of open sources. Prospects for further research can be seen in the study of economic methods of ensuring coverage of military expenses during the Second World War by Germany, Great Britain, and the USSR.
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